Posts Tagged ‘chinese culture’

Each day this week I’m posting a different story from the university I taught at in China; which I often felt was a kind of microcosm of the country as a whole. It’s hard to say to what extent the communist system has shaped Chinese culture from the top-down and what pre-existing Chinese values lent to the rise of authoritarianism from the bottom. I feel these stories each demonstrate a trend in Chinese culture that can be felt at many different levels. I’ll leave it to you to decide whether it’s politics, imbedded values or something else that enabled these stories.

Part 2: The Bitch

While I was teaching class one day a student received a text and announced what it said. Everyone let out a collective sigh of exasperation. Their “instructor” was supposed to come to our building to conduct a meeting with them but she decided she didn’t feel like walking there. So all 120 of the students would need to walk to where she was on the other side of campus. “What a bitch,” I said when someone told me this. Amused by the prospect of referring to the instructor as an English obscenity she couldn’t understand, the name stuck amongst the students.

Chinese universities tend to have much more structure and stricter rules than their western counterparts. This is perhaps best demonstrated in the existence of this “instructor” who doesn’t actually teach any subject, but is more of a counselor and nanny responsible for students’ lives (called Fu dao yuan in Chinese). Usually there’s a few for each department who have a multitude of responsibilities meant to help students and keep them in line.

However, “the bitch” demonstrated that these responsibilities are highly theoretical. Part of her job was to regularly organize activities and field trips. But she simply chose to falsify documents at the end of each semester showing that she did this and submit them to her bosses. And by “she falsified” I mean she made her student assistant do it.

Part of her job was also to help students find jobs; unless they opted for grad school. So she held a meeting convincing them all grad school was the smart choice. But later the school offered her a cash incentive for each student who signed an employment contract before graduation. So she held another meeting saying a master’s degree is becoming useless and they should all just get jobs. When one student said she planned to study at home for a year, the bitch tried convincing her to use family connections to get a job and then just quit later.

During her junior year, one girl decided to move out of her dorm – something explicitly allowed by the university. She just had to have the bitch sign off on it as a formality. But the bitch felt the girl wasn’t giving her the deference she deserved, so she refused to sign.  The girl moved out anyways so the bitch called her parents, telling them that the girl was a bad student. These calls and regular checks of the girl’s dorm room continued until she brought the bitch a 200-yuan fruit basket and showered her with flowery compliments. In order to get permission to leave town or get the bitch to do anything for them, several students similarly said they needed to give her some kind of physical gift wrapped in flattery.

At the end of the year the students were to fill out an evaluation of all their instructors. The bitch told them ahead of time that her scores reflected on them as a department and that they should just put perfect marks all the way down.

As they filled out the forms she walked around conspicuously looking over students’ shoulders. Several arrived too late to fill it out after the bitch had told them the wrong time. They happened to be the students she’d had disputes with in the past.

One girl told me this over dinner right after it happened.

“Don’t you think you should go to her boss and tell him this?” I asked.

“She has a lot of power over us,” the girl replied. “If someone complains about her she’d make their life hell and might stop them from graduating.”

“Just send a note anonymously,” I said. “Or have a friend in another department do it for you.”

“She’d just take it out on all of us if we did that,” said the student. “It’ll just bring trouble for no reason. We’ll graduate soon and won’t have to worry about her anyways. ”

“Then why not tell her bosses after graduation?” I asked. “Don’t you want to see her get fired?”

“Impossible,” said the student. “They’d never fire her. Her job is protected.”

“Jesus,” I said. “Well I think you should do something. If you tell her bosses they at least might be stricter with her so she’s not so terrible to the younger students.”

The girl gave a gentle scoff, closed her eyes for a moment and then looked at me with a resigned smile – as if I were a naïve child not yet old enough to understand the world. “There’s just no point,” she said.

A few months ago while working on a piece about China’s freshman military training, I interviewed Dr. E. Thomas Dowd, president of the American Academy of Cognitive & Behavioral Psychology. He explained that the cultural values of a society show up in similar ways at every level. “In the USA individualism is reinforced at all stages of society,” he said. “This is often largely a tacit cultural expression, not really deliberate.” He also said in more dictatorial societies, authoritarianism is similarly re-enforced at all stages.

This raised an interesting question: To what extent has the communist system shaped Chinese culture from the top-down, and what pre-existing Chinese values stemming from Confucian collectivism and deference to hierarchy lent to the rise of authoritarianism from the bottom?

The university I used to teach at in China often felt like a microcosm of the country as a whole. Things that I saw play out at the national level seemed to happen in exactly the same way with individuals in the local setting. Each day this week I’ll be posting a different story from the university that I feel illustrates a trend in China that can be seen at many different levels. I hope to explore the question of trickle-down vs. trickle-up culture and leave it to you to decide whether it’s politics, imbedded values or something else that enabled these stories.

Part 1: The Death 

One morning the school cafeteria was abuzz with gossip. The previous night a student had died and speculation engulfed campus as to what had happened. To nobody’s surprise, the school administration wasn’t saying anything and the roommates of the boy who had died all-of-a-sudden became inaccessible. There were routinely suicides on the campus and the story was always the same afterwards.  But this was different. This was a mysterious death that might be linked to school policy.

The story that seemed to have the most momentum was that the boy had had a brain aneurysm in the middle of the night. He tried to leave his dorm to go to the hospital, but the doorman stopped him, saying that students had to stay in their room from 11:00pm to 6:00am. Unable to bear it any longer, the boy crawled out his window and tried to climb down the building. On the way down he fell and broke his neck.

Others said that the boy was just trying to sneak out to play computer games at the internet café. But in most narratives, the boy had fallen to his death. A few students in the building had allegedly claimed they saw the body.

There were security cameras all around the building which undoubtedly could have shed light on what happened.  But the school didn’t release the tapes. Eventually, after it was clear everyone had heard of the death and more rumors started circulating, they announced that the boy had simply died from a brain aneurysm.  The boy’s roommates returned to the dorm but wouldn’t speak about the incident or their meetings with school officials. And nobody could figure out exactly what the police’s role in all of this was.

A few days later the boy’s parents arrived on campus. It was obvious from their clothes that they were countryside peasants. They sat on the sidewalk of a heavily-trafficked road with a sign demanding a full account of what had happened. A few sympathetic students sat down with them expressing remorse, but they told the parents what they were doing was useless. They would probably just be thrown out, and certainly no school official was going to come talk to them. But the parents persisted for several days. Nobody’s quite sure whether they were kicked out or left on their own, but those I spoke with speculated that they wouldn’t have left voluntarily without answers.

“They’ve lost their only son,” one student said. “Their life is meaningless now.”